ferns and mosses

Plants Nail In general, the characteristics of ferns are as follows: At the time the young, usually leaves curl ferns and scaly. Ferns in life can reproduce asexually by forming Gemmae and sexual reproduction with the fusion of male gametes and female gametes. In the life cycle (metagenesis) there sporophyte phase, namely the ferns themselves. Phase metagenesis sporophyte in ferns have a more dominant trait than gametofitnya phase. Have chlorophyll so that means his life fotoautotrof. Ferns have roots, stems, leaves and true. Therefore, ferns including kormophyta berspora. Both in the roots, stems, and leaves, are anatomically own file transport vessels, namely the functioning xylem transports water and mineral salts from the root to the leaves for photosynthesis, and phloem that serves to circulate the results of photosynthesis to all parts of the plant body. Habitat ferns there are in the ground and some are in the waters, and there is a life attached.

9. Plant Paku There are three (3) kinds of fern spores produced by types, namely: Paku Homospora (isospora) Plant nail homospora produce spores of the same size that can not distinguish between male and female spores. Example: Lycopodium sp. (Wire nail) Nail Heterospora (an-isospora) Plant nail heterospora produce spores of different sizes. Small male spores called microspores and large female spores called makrospora. Example: Selaginella sp. (Nail rane), Marsilea crenata (clover) Paku Paku switching transition produces spores with the same shape and size, but the sex male or female. Example: Horsetail (Equisetum debile)

10. Plant Plant Paku Paku classified based on differences in body morphology. Based on this, ferns are divided into four divisions, namely: Psilophyta (ancient nails / nail naked) type nail largely been extinct, this plant has not leafy and root, stem already have a carrier file, forked branch menggarpu with sporangium at the ends of branches -cabangnya. Sporofil produce one type of spore (homospora). Example: Rhynia major and sp Psilotum Lycophyta (wire nail / nail propagation) is a small-leaved plant spikes, arranged spiral, sporangium collected in Strobilus and appeared in the axillary, such as wire rod. Example: Selaginella sp (nail rane), as an ornamental plant Lycopodium sp. (Nail wire), as an ornamental plant. Lycopodium clavatum, as pharmaceuticals.

11. Plant Nail Equisetophyta / Sphenophyta plant has leaves similar to nail wire and leaves arranged in a circle. Trunk shape similar to a horse's tail. Therefore, this divisio called horsetail. Example: Equisetum debile, has a hard rod because it contains silica. Sporangium contained in a cone-shaped structure called Strobilus Pterophyta / Felicinae (true nail) Pterophyta already have roots, stems, leaves and true. The leaves are generally large or also called megafil. The trunk can grow underground (like rhizomes) or the stem grows above ground. A distinctive feature in this is divisio young leaves that curl or also called circinnatus and on the underside of the leaves are sorus. Example: Aspidium pedatum cuneatum Adiantum (maidenhair ferns) Asplenium nidus (bird's nest nails)

12. Moss Plants In general, the characteristics of mosses are as follows: Dark green, because the cells have chloroplasts (plastids). Body structure is simple, yet has a network carrier. The process of transporting water and minerals in the body takes place in the diffusion and assisted by the flow of cytoplasm. Live in swamps or humid place cell walls are composed of sellulose. Gametangium consists of anteredium and archegoniom. Moss leaves composed of a layer of small cells containing chloroplasts such as nets, except in the mother leaves the bones. Only experienced primary growth with a cell-shaped tetrader beginners. Yet have true roots, so it absorbs water and minerals in the soil using rhizoid. Rhizoid consists of several layers of rows of parenchyma cells. Sporophyte consists of capsules and seta. Sporophyte gametophyte that existed at the end of the green and have chlorophyll, so that it can carry out photosynthesis.

13. Plant Divisio Moss moss plants are divided into several classes, namely: musci (moss leaves) Known as the leaves moss moss species have been found although the leaf size is still small. A leaf moss moss species often found that the most widely known. Examples of species is Polytrichum juniperinum, Furaria, Pogonatum cirratum, and Sphagnum. Hepaticae (liverworts) Lumut liver or Hepaticae can reproduce sexually with the male and female gametes smelting, asexually by forming Gemmae. Examples are Marchantia polymorpha. Anthocerotaceae (hornwort) Known as hornwort because sporofitnya similar morphology as animal horns. Examples are Anthoceros Leavis.

14. Perbeda between Plants and Plant Spikes Moss Judging from the character, then there will be a difference in ferns and mosses. In plants, mosses have some special features as follows: • The root form of Rhizoid. • Trunk does not have a carrier file • The leaves have only one cell layer in the form of sporogonium • • sporophyte gametophyte: mosses While the ferns there are some differences compared to mosses: • Root form hairy roots (rhizomes) • Trunk has a carrier file types concentric • Leaves already differentiated • sporophyte: ferns • gametophyte: protalium

CONCLUSION 15. Based on the observation that we do, it can be concluded that the ferns and moss has the characteristics are different and have many kinds or classification. Ferns can also be easily found in the environment SMAN 1 Samarinda on land and some are in the water or damp places and there is life stick, which is the dominant or most commonly found in the environment SMAN 1 Samarinda is a group Pterophyta / Felicinae (true nail ). As for mosses are found moist and watery areas, also in trees around SMAN 1 Samarinda are included in the group musci.

nah so an explanation of ferns and mosses may be useful for readers thanks